Depiction of females in Video games, Graphic Novels and Animation Part Seven: Bibliography

Bibliography

AlexShepherd : alias, ( 04:47, February 2, 2014). Website: Clock tower wiki, the whole article and opinion of Jennifer Simpsons

Eric Caoili , (January 14, 2010 2:00 PM), Game set watch, Rare Clock Tower Comic Translated,PostedOnline. The image

Redgrant: alias and JesuOtaku: alias,( Thursday, 03 May 2012). Website: The guy with the glasses. A review on clock tower

Azn Badger’s, (09/2010). Website: Azn Badger’s blog. Image of Bayonetta

Will7375 : alias, (23:58, November 20, 2009‎). Website: Bayonetta wiki, the information about Bayonetta

Blue Cawdrey : Alias, (November 22, 2004).Website: urban dictionary, Definition of hack and slash

Serathis: Alias, ( January 17, 2012). Website: tikisaurus, Name of the illustrator for Bayonetta

Wundergeek: Alias,(June 3, 2011).Website: Go make me a sandwich. A feminist review on the game Bayonetta.

Ben “Yahtzee” Croshaw, (27 January 2010 5:00pm). Website: The escapist. A video review on Bayonetta.

Billy :Alias, (January 24, 2012).website: comic attack, A image of Zenescope Alice

Albert Ching, (Thu, September 5th, 2013 at 8:58am). Website: Comic book resources. A review on the head of Zenescope.

Zen: Alias, (6 Oct 2013). Website: Amazon, A customer review on Amazon of Zenescope Alice in wonderland

Babs Gordon: Alias, (12.25.2013). website: Cripple the bitch, A feminist review on Zenescope

Good reads customers, (Jun 02, 2012 to Mar 22, 2014), website: good read, Multiply reviews on the Alice in wonderland comic

Zenescope shop page(website), website: Zenescope, Image of Zenescope Alice figure

Spindrift: Alias, (April 9, 2012). Website: write on spin drifts pages, Image of Fables Snow white

Darkseid01: Alias, ( 02:52, March 2, 2009). Website: DC. Wiki, Image of Fables Snow white

Multiply Aliases from Comic vine, (28/03/2013 to 21/01/2014). Information about Fables

Vertigo comics homepage (website), Website: Vertigo, information about fables

Kelly Thompson, (February 22, 2010). Website: Comic book resources. A review on the character Snow White

Leviathyn (website). Image of Lara Croft from Tomb Raider

tombraider Homepage (website). Information about the Tomb Raider game

Matt Sakuraoka Gilman, (Monday 25th Feb 2013). Website: Computer and video games, A review on Tomb Raider

Rhianna Pratchett, website: Rhiaanapratchett, Script writer of Tomb raider

Carol Pinchefsky, (3/12/2013), website: Forbes. A feminist review of Tom Raider

Website: Collider,(18/02/2013). Image of Zelda original concept art.

Aaron Diaz, (April 11^th 2013), website: Dreadencodak. Image of possible Zelda Game

Jenna Pitcher,(Apr 12, 2013), website: Polygon. Article about the possible game being pitch to Nintendo

Chris Lough, (26^th Friday april 2013), website:TOR. An article about how Legend of Zelda can be the hero

 

Jon Hochschartner, (5^th October 2013), Website: Salom. article about how Legend of Zelda is sexist, racist and classist

Multiply resources, (4 January ,2012-2 December 2013), website: Zelda wiki. Information anout Legend of Zelda

Multiply resources, (2 May 2012- Current), website: Nintendo wiki

Ben Be Jamin’s: alias,(12/29/2011), website Screw attack. Review

Multiply resources, (8^th September 2013), website: metacritic. Customer review

Website: tv tropes. Information

Website: Tenka.com, (9^th august 2014). Images of highschool of the dead

Samweller999:Alias, (19^th October 2012). Website: Animeevice. Review of Highschool of the Dead

Website: thanks for your playing, Image of Highschool of the dead

Website:imdb, information about Highschool of the dead and Snow White and Seven Dwarfs

Evan Henry Dasussure (Real name), 345rv5(alias), (6 May 2013). Website: Deviantart. Review

Website: Anime news network, information about Steven Foster

Website: The allegorical Disney, (30 May 2013). Information about Snow White Disney

Zuelykaindarte: Alias, (10^th March 2013). Website: fairy tales today. Review of Snow White Disney

Website: the Disney princess, review on Snow White

Meredithancret (Alias), (9^th July 2013), website: the snark who hunts back. Review on snow White

Terri Windling , website: Endicott-studio. In depth examination of Snow White

Website: Amazon, Image of Snow White

Lars Emanuelsson, Website: Gustaf Tenggren. The illustrator of Disney’s Snow White

Matt Peckham,(2th December 2013), Website: Techland. A review about sexism in the game industry

Brenna Hiller, (17^th February 2014), Website: vg247. A review about sexism in the game industry

Julie Bort,(2nd January 2014), website: Business insider. An article about how Tomb Raider is affecting the industry towards sexism.

Frannie Jackson, (14^th January 2014), Website: Paste magazine. An article towards sexism in comics

Paper the Guardian, (23^rd Thursday 2014), website: The guardians. A crime case about a friend who was jealous of her friend being beauty and burning her with acid.

Ami Angelwings: Alias, website: eschergirls. A site full of sexist images in the graphic industry

Kirk Hamilton, (28^th July 2013), A video of Anita Sarkeesian , website: Kotaku. A video of Anita Sarkeesian review of damnsels in distress

Greogory, Raven. Return to Wonderland Zenescope, 4^th August 2009

Willingham, Bill Fable Deluxe edition Volume one DC comics, 30^th September 2009

Grimm, Jacob & Wilhelm Brothers Grimm fairy tales Vintage Classics, 2^nd August 2007

Depiction of females in Video games, Graphic Novels and Animation Part Six: Reference

Reference

1. Name of website: www.clock tower wiki.com what did this website Provide to the essay: image of Jennifer Simpson, information and opinion critic: Unknown, Alias: AlexShepherd and edited by various people. Date opened: 26/01/2014 http://clocktower.wikia.com/wiki/Clock_Tower:_The_First_Fear

2. Name of Website: www. gamesetwatch.com What did this essay provide to the essay: Name of the Illustrator for clock tower Author:Eric Caoili Date Opened:26/01/2014 http://www.gamesetwatch.com/2010/01/rare_clock_tower_comic_transla.php

3. Name of Website: www.Thatguywiththeglasses what did this website Provide to the essay: Back up for my opinion Critic: redgrant (alias) Date Opened: 26/01/2014     www.Thatguywiththeglasses.com/blogs/latest/entry/redgrants-survival-horror-retrospective-iv-clock-tower-the-first-fear

4. Name of the website: www.aznbadger.com What did it provide to the essay: Image of Bayonetta from Bayonetta Date opened on 26/01/2014 http://aznbadger.files.wordpress.com/2010/09/bayonetta2.jpg

5.Name of the website: www.Bayonetta.wikia What did it provided to the essay: Information Critic:Will7375 Date opened on 27/01/2014 http://bayonetta.wikia.com/wiki/Bayonetta

6. Name of the Website: www.urbandictionary.com What did this provide to the essay: Definition of Hack & Slash Critic: Blue Cawdrey Alias Date opened on the 27/01/2014 http://www.urbandictionary.com/define.php?term=Hack%20and%20slash

7. Name of the website: www.tikisaurus.com What did this provide to the essay: Illustrator of Bayonetta Date opened on 27/01/2014 Critic: Serathis(Alias) http://www.tikisaurus.com/blog/ps3/bayonetta-illustrator-has-designed-more-soul-calibur-v-outfits.html

8.Name of the website: www.gomakemeasandwich.com What did this provide for the essay: an Article about Bayonetta sexism towards women Opened on the 22/02/2014 Critic: Wundergeek(alias) http://gomakemeasandwich.wordpress.com/?s=bayonetta

9.Name of the website: www.escapistmagazine.com What did this provide to the essay: A review on Bayonetta Opened on the 22/02/2014 Critic: Ben "Yahtzee" CrOSHAW http://www.escapistmagazine.com/videos/view/zero-punctuation/1420-Bayonetta

10.Name of the website : www.comicattack.com What did this provide to my essay: Image of Alice from Zenescope Alice in Wonderland series and an article Critic: Billy(Alias) Opened on the 10/02/2014 http://comicattack.net/wp-content/uploads/2012/01/alice01b-_ebas.jpg

11 . Name of the website: www.Comicbookresources.com What did this provide to the essay: a review with the head of Zenescope and his view towards the comics Critic: Albert Ching

Opened on the 10/02/2014 http://www.comicbookresources.com/?page=article&id=47723

12.Name of the website: www.Amazon.com What did it provide to the essay: A critic review from a customer of the comic series Critic: Zen (Alias) Date opened:10/02/2014 www.amazon.co.uk/Wondcerland-Volume-Grimm-Fairy-Presents/dp/0985337893/ref=pd_sim_b_1?ie=UTF8&refRID=0HJS95P1AD544S3QTXND

13. Name of the website: www.cripplethebitch.com What did this provide to my essay: An insight on the company Zenescope Critic: Babs Gordon (Alias) Date Opened:11/02/2014 www.cripplethebitch.blogspot.co.uk/2013/12/zenescope-and-reader-responsibility.html

14.Name of the website: www.goodreads.com What did this provide to the essay: Multiply reviews on the latest book of Alice in Wonderland Zenescope Critic: Multiply Date Opened:11/02/2014 www.goodreads.com/book/show/14654395-alice-in-wonderland

15.Name of the website: www.zenescope.com What did this provide to my essay: Image of Alice Zenescope figure Opened on the 10/02/2014 http://shop.zenescope.com/merchandise/alice-in-wonderland-action-figure/

16.Name of the website: www.writeonspindriftspages.com What did this provide to my essay: A Image of Snow White from Fable Critic: Spindrift (Alias) Opened on the 10/02/2014 http://writeonspindriftpages.files.wordpress.com/2012/04/fables_snow_white.jpg

17. Name of the website: www.dc.wikia.com What did this provide to my essay: Image 2 of Snow White from Fable Critic: Darkseid01 Opened on the 10/02/2014 http://dc.wikia.com/wiki/Fables_Vol_1_17

18. Name of the website: www.comicvine.com What Did this provide to the essay: Information on the comic Fables Writer: Multiply Aliases Opened 10/2/14 http://www.comicvine.com/fables/4050-9723/?page=4

19. Name of the website: www.vertigocomics.com What did this provide to the essay: a basic plot of the story Date opened on the 10/02/14 www.vertigocomics.com/characters/fables

20.Name of the website: Comic book resources What did it provide to the essay: A critic review on the character Snow White Opened on the 10/02/14 Critic: Kelly Thompson http://goodcomics.comicbookresources.com/2010/02/22/she-has-no-head-ten-women-of-fables/

21. Name of the website : www.Leviathyn.com what did this provide to the essay: Image of Lara Croft from tomb raider Opened 10/02/2014 http://leviathyn.com/opinion/2013/02/19/why-female-protagonists-matter/attachment/tomb-raider-6/

22.Name of the website: www.tombraider.com What did this provide to the essay: Information on Tomb Raider Opened 10/02/2014 http://www.tombraider.com/gb/base/brandsitepreorder?refer=71

23. Name of the website: www.computerandvideogames.com What did this provide to the essay: A critic review on Tomb Raider Critic: Matt Sakuraoka Gilman Date opened 11/02/2014 www.computerandvideogames.com/390896/reviews/tomb-raider-review-killer-reboot-gets-almost-everything-right-review/

24.Name of the website: www.Rhiaanapratchett.com What did this provide to the essay: Information about the script writer of Tomb Raider Writer: Rhianna Pratchett Date opened on the 11/02/2014 www.Rhiannapratchett.com/tr.php

25.Name of the website: www.forbes.com What did this provide to the essay: A feminist point of view on Tomb Raider Writer: Carol Pinchefsky Dated opened on the 11/02/2014 http://www.forbes.com/sites/carolpinchefsky/2013/03/12/a-feminist-reviews-tomb-raiders-lara-croft/

26. Name of the website:www.collider.com What did this provide to my essay: Image of Zelda from Legend of Zelda Critic: Dave Trumbore Dated opened on the 11/02/2014 http://collider.com/wp-content/uploads/the-legend-of-zelda-hyrule-historia- zelda.jpg

27. Name of the website: www.dreadencodak.com What did this provided to the essay? The original site for the concept art of possible Zelda game. Created byAaron Diaz Opened on the 12/02/2014 www.dreadencodak.tumblr.com/post/47889238483/zelda/clockwork-empire-faq

28.Name of the Website: www.polygon.com What did this provided to the essay: A review on the concept art for the possible Zelda game Written by: Jenna Pitcher Opened on the 12/02/2014 www.polygon.com/2013/4/12/4216156/zelda-reimagined-as-the-protagonist-in-the-legend-of-zelda-clockworks

29. Name of the website: www.tor.com What did this provided to the essay: A critic review about how it would great if Zelda was the hero Critic: Chris Lough Opened on the 12/02/2014 www.tor.com/blogs/2013/04/nintendo-legend-of-zelda-series-zelda-as-the-hero

30. Name of the website: www.salom.com What did this provided to my essay: A review towards Legend of Zelda being sexist Critic: Jon Hochschartner Opened on the 12/02/2014 www.salon.com/2013/10/05/the_legend_of_zelda_is_classist_sexist_and_racist/

31. Name of the Website: www.zelda.com What did this provided to my essay: Information about the legend of Zelda series Opened on the 12/02/2014 www.zelda.wikia.com/wiki/The_Legend_of_Zelda_series

32.Name of the website: www.nintendo.com What did this provided to my essay: information Opened on the 12/02/2014 http://nintendo.wikia.com/wiki/Portal:_The_Legend_of_Zelda

33. Name of the website: www.theguyswiththeglasses.com What did it provide with this essay: A video review of Highschool Of the Dead critic: JesuOtaku (Alias) Opened on the 12/02/2014 www.theguywiththeglasses.com/videolinks/ir/jo/jar/36317-highschool-of-the-dead

34. Name of the website: www.screwattack.com What did it provide with this essay: Review of Highschool of the dead critic: Ben Be Jamin’s (Alias) Opened on the 13/02/2014 www.screwattack.com/news/anime-review-high-school-dead

35. Name of the website: www.metacritic.com What did it provide with the essay: A review by people Critic: multi people Opened on the 13/02/2014 www.metacritic.com/tv/high-school-of-the-dead

36. Name of the website: www.tvtropes.com What did it provide with the essay: information about highschool of the dead Opened on the 13/02/2014 www.tvtropes.org/pmwiki/pmwiki.php/Manga/HighSchoolOfTheDead

37. Name of the website: www.tenka.com What did it provide with the essay: To show the sexist in highschool of the dead Opened on the 13/02/2014 www.tenka.seiha.org/2010/08/high-school-of-the-breasts-06-boobs/

38. Name of the website: www.animeevice.com What did it provide in the essay: a review on highschool of the Dead and sexism Critic: samweller999(alias) Opened on the 13/02/2014 www.animevice.com/news/what-high-school-of-the-dead-says-about-sexism-in-anime/6385/

39.Name of the website: www.thanksforyourplaying.com What did it provide for this essay: Image of highschool of the dead Opened on the 13/02/2014 http://thanksforyourplaying.files.wordpress.com/2012/08/highscbtb.jpg

40. Name of the website: www.imdb.com What did it provide for this essay: information about Highschool of the dead Opened on the 13/02/2014 www.imdb .com/title/tt1685401/fullcredit?ref_=ttrel_sa_1

41. Name of the website: www.deviantart.com What did this provided to the essay: A review on highschool of the dead Critic: Evan Henry DeSaussure (real Name) 345rv5 (alias) Opened on the 14/02/2014 www.345rv5.deviantart.com/journal/show-that-suck-ass-Highschool-of-the-Dead-370003657

42.Name of the website: www.animenewsnetwork.com What did this provide to the essay: Information about Steven Foster Opened on the 14/02/2014 www.animenewsnetwork.co.uk/encyclopedia/people.php?id=2075

43. Name of the Website: www.theallegoricaldisney.com What did this provide to the essay: Snow White Disney reviews Critic: Unknown Opened on the 14/02/2014 www.theallegoricaldisney.wordpress.com/2013/05/30/snow-white-sexist-or-a-product-of-her-times/

44.Name of the website: www.fairytalestoday.com what did this provide to the essay: A review on the character Snow White Disney’s version Critic: zuleykaindarte (alias)Opened on the 14/02/2014www.fairytalestoday.wordpress.com/2013/03/10/snow-white-from-sexist-tale-to-feminist-film/

45. Name of the website: www.thedisneyprincess.com What did this provide to the essay: A review on the character Snow White Disney’s version Critic: Unknown Opened on the 14/02/2014 www.thedisneyprincess.webs.com/snowwhite.htm

46. Name of the website: www.thesnarkwhohuntsback.com what did this provide to the essay? A review on the character Snow White Disney’s version Critic: meredithancret (alias) Opened on the 14/02/2014 http://thesnarkwhohuntsback.wordpress.com/2013/07/09/things-feminists-hate-disney-princesses-snow-white/

47.Name of the website: www.endicott-studio.com What did this provide for the essay: In depth review of Snow White Critic: Terri Windling Opened on the 14/02/2014 http://www.endicott-studio.com/rdrm/forsga.html

48. Name of the website: www.amazon.com What did it provide for the essay: A image of Disney Snow White Opened on the 14/02/2014 http://g-ecx.images-amazon.com/images/G/01/dvd/Disney/Images/SnowWhite6.gif

49.Name of the website: www.imdb.com What did it provide for this essay: information about Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs Opened on the 14/02/2014 www.imdb.com/title/tt0029583/

50. Name of the website: www.gustaftenggren.com What did this provide to the essay: The illustrator of Disney’s Snow White critic: Lars Emanuelsson Opened on the 14/02/2014 www.gustaftenggren.com/tenggren/default.asp?inc

51. Name of the website: www.techland.time.com What did this provide towards the essay: Information about sexism in the Video Game industry Critic: Matt Peckham Opened on the 14/02/2014 http://techland.time.com/2013/12/02/a-heartbreaking-work-of-staggering-genius-on-sexism-in-the-video-games-industry/

52.Name of the website: www.vg247.com What did this provide towards the essay: Information about sexism in the Video Game industry Critic: Brenna Hillier Opened on the 18/02/2014 www.vg247.com/2014/02/17/deep-down-the-rabbit-hole-of-ingrained-games-industry-sexism/

53. Name of the website: www.Businessinsider.com What did this provide towards the essay: An article about how Tomb raider affect the Video Game industry Critic: Julie Bort Opened on the 14/02/2014 http://www.businessinsider.com/tomb-raider-is-historically-important-2014-1

54. Name of the website: www.pastemagazine.com What did this provide towards the essay: sexism in comics Critic: Frannie Jackson Opened on the 15/02/2014 www.pastemagazine.com/articles/2014/02/comic-courtships-married-creators-sound-off-on-the-alleged-sexism-in-their-industry.html

55. Name of the website: www.theguardian.com What did this provide towards the essay: A crime case about jealous Opened on the 14/02/2014 www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2014/jan/23/naomi-oni-acid-attack-mary-konye-guilty-niqab-disguise

56. Name of the website:www.eschergirls.tumblr.com What did this provide towards the essay: a site full of sexist images in the graphic industry Critic: Ami Angelwings Opened on the 14/02/2014 www.eschergirls.tumblr.com

57. Name of the website: www.kotaku.com what did this provide to the essay: A video of Anita Sarkeesian review of damnsels in distress Critic: Kirk Hamilton Opened on the 14/02/2014 www.Kotaku.com/i-don’t-like-people-who-make-interesting-or-daring-video-510157744

58.Author: Writer: Raven Greogory Title: Return to Wonderland Year of Publication: 4^th August 2009 Publishers: Zenescope pages:1-186

59. Author: Bill Willingham Title: Fable Deluxe edition Volume one Year of Publication: 30^th September 2009 Publishers: DC comics Pages:1-20

60. Author: Jacob & Wilhelm Grimm Title: Brothers Grimm fairy tales Year of publication: 2nd

August 2007 Publishers: Vintage Classics Pages: 237-245

Depiction of females in Video games, Graphic Novels and Animation Part Five: Overall View

Overall any kind of Media and through history there will always be sexism not just to women but to men as well. It’s a sad situation to see but as time moves on generally things have improved in these industries. An example of this is adding strong male and female character leads which do not rely on sex appeal and giving the stereotypical damsels in distress a change of role to be the main hero with strong story lines. I hope that these industries take up this concept and carry on reducing sexism in Media.*51,52, 53,54,56,57   

Depiction of females in Video games, Graphic Novels and Animation Art Four: Animation Industry

Sexism in animated films/TV?

 Image of Highschool of the dead*39

Publishers: Madhouse, AT-X, Geneon Universal Entertainment, H.O.T.D  Production Committee, Mad House, Seraphim Digital and Showgate *40                                            Release date: 5^th July 2010 *40

Animation Producer: Kentaro Hashimoto *40

English dub Writer: Steven Frost *40,41,42

High-school of the dead is basically an anime about a zombie outbreak that’s starts off at a Japanese High-school. The story is about a group of student that are trying to find a place to hide from the zombie apocalypse and also find their parents along the way.*36,40 

High-school of the Dead is basically fan service towards a male audience. This is shown through the body proportion of the females for example they make their “mammary glands” in this anime the size of footballs and most the camera shots are of their behinds or close up of the chest area. Another sexist aspect the main male character “Takashi” is shown hitting and yelling at the woman for moral support, the characters also starts choking her. To make matters even worse this one whole episode about 45mins long shows women naked in a bathroom comparing their breasts and groping each other.   This story is poor and very much undeveloped, the script for the dub anime was written by Steven Foster*42 who also did a gag dub called ghost stories which is another anime that was racist, sexist and anti-religion. Steven Frost is known for not using the original context as a reference and also he does a lot of American reference when it supposed to be a school in Japan. The show overall has an unpleasant character who is a women beater. The script writer has not done his background research on Japanese culture and shows a lack of realism. Anime is not meant to be realistic but this show just basically goes off the chart for lack of research for example gun laws in Japan are very strict over owning guns let alone carry one to school. Overall this show depicts women as sex objects more than a person which is unacceptable in this age of sex equality.*33,34,35,36,37,38,41

                  Image of Snow White from Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs *48

Production Company: Walt Disney*49

 Released: 12th March 1938*49

Illustrator: Gustaf Tenggren *50

Disney's Snow White is often seen as a sexist icon towards women because she only really has one redeeming quality and that is her outer beauty but this is not true. The film is about her inner beauty where as the “Evil Queen” is beauty on the outside only. Her intent is to murder Snow White because she more beautiful than her. This again raises another topic which is controversial about how women fight with each over beauty and are willing to hurt or in this case murder each other for it. An example recently in the press was where a friend of the victim disguised herself and threw acid in her face because she was jealous of her beauty*55. It’s also how gullible she is in the movie and original tale, in the movie and original tale the dwarfs tell Snow White not to answer the door to strangers and she does the opposite. In the films and modern books the Evil Queen uses the poisoned apple which is given by her in one visit. In the original Grimm tale she visit three times with different items to kill Snow White and she falls for it every time. She is only saved by the Seven Dwarfs and the Prince, which again sparks another topic. This next topic is about how A Snow White can’t defend herself and needs the help and guidance’s of men. Examples of this are: 1.Her been told what to do by the Dwarfs: 2. Being constantly rescued by the Dwarfs and: 3. Being awakened by the Prince from her eternal slumber, in the original tale she is awakened by the glass coffin she in hitting a tree. This dislodges the piece of poison apple that’s stuck in her throat.  There is one last topic I want to raise this is the stereotypical servant she becomes when living at the Dwarfs house. This is depicted in films and the original story, she does housework and washing for the Dwarfs because she invaded their home and slept in their beds but she gets away with this freely because of her outer beauty. This ties in with my first thoughts with Snow White outer beauty.*43,44,45,46,47,60 

Depiction of females in Video games, Graphic Novels and Animation Part Three: Changes in Video Game Industry

 Changes in the Video game Industry

 

Image of Lara Croft from Tomb Raider*21

Consoles this game was developed on and when it was released:

 5^th March 2013 (Playstation 3) *21                                5^th March 2013 (Xbox 360)*21                           5th March 2013 (PC)*21                                              31^st January 2014 (Playstation 4)*21                          31^st January 2014 (Xbox One)*21                                                                    

Publishers: Square Enix*21                                             Developers: Crystal Dynamics*21                                   Illustrator: Brenoch Adams*21

This game is a reboot of the old Lara Croft; this game is set before the original games and it journey about her becoming the tomb raider she is today. The game story starts with them trying to discover the lost kingdom of Yamatai. Their ship falls victim to a freakish storm and Lara and her company are trapped on island with religious extremist and mysterious forces that live on the island as well.*22

An article writer with the same opinion as me is Carol Pinchefsky. She also did an interesting test to see if Lara croft was sexist towards women. The test is called the Bechdel test which is used for video games/ movies/ TV series. To pass this test the two named female characters have to discuss and talk about something other than men and also share the same scene. She passed the test, she talks to two characters who are both strong and the conversations are about survival not men. The was also A big controversy in first Tomb Raider trailer about Lara being raped I think this was shown because her hands were tied and the man that was touching her in violent sexual way. In the game you have an opportunity to fight back and even kill the man. But she does regret shooting him because he is the first person she kills in the game. Another plus point as you progress in the game you see her grow as a person. She shows natural emotions for someone who would be in her kind of situation in the game. What has made this game a hit is that the script was written by a woman Rhianna Pratchett, who also wrote a script for Heavenly sword and mirror’s edge. Both have strong female protagonists; she is a script writer who knows how women should be treated in video game and this is something that I want to see more off. In Laura Croft we see an over pumped up female change to a role model when a woman handles the script.*22,23,24,25,53

Original concept art and character from Twilight princess*26  Proposed concept artwork*27

Images of concept art of the character Zelda

Consoles: Wii U, Wii, 3DS, DS, Gameboy, Gameboy colour, SNES, NES, N64, Gamecube*31,32 

Made:1986-current*31,32

Publishers: Nintendo *31,32

Developers: Nintendo*31,32

 Designer: Shigeru Miyamoto*31,32

Illustrators: Yusuke Nakano, Shigeru Miyamoto*31,32

Image of the right is concept art of a maybe future legend of Zelda game

Illustrated by Aaron Diaz*27

Zelda in the legend of Zelda games she is the princess in game and she always get captured by Ganondolf the male character and evil force. This started with the first game but lately she been able to defend herself but still she get captured. She also the princess of Hyrule and which also links with the themes with other games designed by Nintendo such as Super Mario.  She had been seen as the aim of the game to rescuing the princess. She does help you in the final battle and is a major role in the series because she holds part of the triforce. The triforce is something that made out of pure energy from the gods.*31,32

I want her role in the games to change as does the reviewer Dresdencodakand has gone as far as to design concept art for a legend of Zelda game that the player be Zelda and go on an adventure to save link. This would be a project that swaps the original games role play, but a more interesting version. There have been games in the past which have seen Zelda rescuing link and Hyrule but they have been considered so poorly made and designed that they aren’t on the official time-line. *28,29,30

Depiction of females in Video games, Graphic Novels and Animation Part Two: Graphic Novels industry

Two Different depictions of fairy tale heroines in Graphic Novels

Image of Alice from Zenescope  Wonderland series*10   Figure of Alice Zenescope*15

Publishers: Zenescope*10,58

Writer: Raven Greogory*10,58

Story: Raven Greogory, Ralph Tedesco & Joe Tyler*10,58

Artwork: Rich Bonk, Daniel Leister*10,58

Colour: Thomas Mason and Nei Ruffino*10,58

Lettering: Artmonkeys & Alphabet studios *10,58

Edited: J.C. Brusha & Ralph Tedesco*10,58      

This is a comic series that based on the book Alice in Wonderland and is part of their main series Grimm fairy tales. The character shown above is Alice, Alice in this comic is a mother of two and is mentally unstable. This is because her sanity was taken by the Jabberwocky and left behind in wonderland. The Jabberwocky is using her as key to our world so that he can break out.*10,58

 The stories are disgraceful towards women; Zenescope claims that these stories are about strong women but they are shown by sexual exploitation of women such has the depiction on the cover as the one I give as an example. The women characters from Zenescope are either in a situations where they are physically assaulted or even raped, I generally thinks this is an offensive way to show “strong women”.  But what makes the situation worse is that it does sell and people want to read grim stuff like this. The reader must take responsibility for the depiction of women as sexual objects. If the reader refused to buy the issues with extreme depiction then maybe the publishes would tone it down I will admit that I am a fan of the series but lately the story has become weak and is focused on the sexual appearance of Alice and other female characters. I do like the stories because of their dark take on Alice in wonderland character and the gore but it is poor in its character design by over use sexuality. It doesn’t help that the company are now selling toy figures based on the over sexuality of characters and give them a full view of her at every angle possible. *11,12,13,14

Images of Snow White from the Graphic novel series Fables *16,17

Publishers: Vertigo (Owned by DC)*18,59

Writer: Bill Willingham*18,59                                                                                                  Illustrator’s: James Jean, Bill Willingham, Lan Medina’s, Mark Buckingham, Craig Hamilton, Alex Maleev and Steve Leialoha.*18,59     

Released: (1st July 2002 to -current)*18

In the award winning Graphic novel “Fables” The story is that they lived in a world where all mythology and fairy tale characters live. That is until the adversary took over their world and made them come to our world and live in Manhattan. The fable characters are trying to adept to our world but the comic shows how cruel our world is.*18,19,59 

The Snow White in the comic does follow the original tale but will a few twists such as the Seven Dwarfs not been as “nice” as they appear and the happy-ever after didn’t turn out well because Prince Charming cheated on Snow White with her sister Rose Red. Her role in the comics is that she is the deputy mayor of fable town. She works for King Cole but she does most of the work. She doesn’t mind the work and likes helping the community of Fables Wood. She is a strong character who will fight for life, she is also smart she helps Bigby the Big Bad Wolf with whom she solves cases. She cares about what happens to all fables and is willing to fight for them. She also an engaging character in that she has her own problems which can be related to in the real world today.  Each issue of the comics you see her character develop and change with each story, she doesn’t become weak along the way and also becomes a mother of seven.  Her bodily appearance in the comics is because also of her fairytale origins but she has been designed to look like an everyday women this is shown by her not wearing revealing clothes.*18, 19,20  

                                                                

Depiction of females in Video games, Graphic Novels and Animation Part One: Video Game Industry

Depiction of females in Video games, Graphic Novels and Animation

 Role models or Sexual exploitation?

In the graphic industry there have been issue about how women characters are treated. There are characters that are treated as sexual icons. But I also want to show that there are great female role models in the industry too. *51-57  

This image is of Jennifer Simpson from Clock tower First Fear *1

Consoles this game appeared on and when was it released:                                                                             

September 14, 1995(SNES version)*1

March 28, 1997 (PC Version)*1
July 17, 1997 (PSX version)*1
December 9, 1999 (Wonderswan)*1
August 3, 2010 (Wii Virtual Console) *1

Publishers: Human Entertainment *1

Developers: Human Entertainment*1

Illustration by Yuki Kiyama *2

Basic summary of the game: You are stalked around a big mansion by a serial killer. You can’t defend yourself, your only defences is hiding from the killer. *1 

  

Jennifer is a character who plays the role of both the damsel in distress and heroine. Her story is about her adoption together with her friends Laura Anne and Lotte, when the orphanage closes, by Ms Borrows and taken to live in her mansion “Clock Tower”. At first everything seems normal while she was looking round the mansion then she hears her friends scream. She returns to find that they are missing. At first she thinks it’s a prank until she see one of her friends being murdered. This game involves choices which created different experiences in the game and endings. This is a creative move specially to use on players for the time it was made. It makes the player think about the choices they’re about to make and the consequences that come with them. This character shows what a normal person would do if they were in this kind of situation, this is shown through the panic meter which shows a portrait of Jennifer.  The facial expression and background of the portrait changes from bold facial expression with a blue background to distressed with a red background. I think this makes the player relate to the character because she shows natural emotion to what is happening around to her.*1,2

I asked on the clock tower wiki web page to see what the fans think of this character, I asked questions such as “what do you think of the character?”, “Is she sexual exploitation or female role model?”. I had a reply from the head creator of the website Username: Alexshepard*1. He said overall that the character is clever, brave, loyal to her friends and a strong female character therefore a good role model. He has the same opinion as me and has basically backed me up with what I have said in this article, I also found a review on this game with the same opinion as me which is on The guys with glasses.com.*1,2  

Image is of Bayonetta from Bayonetta*4

Consoles this game appeared on and when was it released:

 8^th January 2010(Xbox 360)*7                                                                                                                                8^th January 2010( Playstation 3) *7                                                                                                                     Publishers: Sega*7                                                                                                                                                       Developers: Platinum games*7                                                                                                                                Illustrator: Mari Shimazaki*7

Basic summary: Hack and slash game (Hack & slash games are games that involve you fighting in small fights quarters) You are a witch that has made a contract with a demon to kill angels.*5,6

Bayonetta is the protagonist of the game even through its displayed in an unusual concept. The bad guys in this game are angels that at first have an angelic appearance but that just a façade they have an outer layer which is like porcelain and once it’s destroyed it shows a grotesque appearance of muscles. The game involves around Bayonetta and finding her forgotten past. Her personality is strong minded and very sexual.*5,6

Mostly they talk of her physically appearance her legs are unusually long for her body which is said by reviewer Zero Punctuation. Zero Punctuation*9 and reviewer Wundergeek*8 both say that this games over emphasis of the sexual appearance of Bayonetta is offensive to women. Wundergeek*8 basically calls her an empty shell of a character, she just there for the creators sexual fantasies, negative stereotype and misconceived notions of the female gender. This is an opinion that I agree with, I have played the game myself and I think it’s basically a hack and slash game that looking for ways to sell large quantity through sexual exploitation. It does this by giving men what they want, which is basically a character that personifies their sexual fantasies and desire all into one. It is a good game with good game play spoiled to a degree by its sexualisation. Devil May Cry is a similar game which has a stereotypical man character with almost the same personality and also created by the same gaming director “Hideki Kamiya”.   The worst part of his game which is also summed up by Wundergeek is that for her finish attack she basically strips she is only covered by strands of her hair; she even uses some of the weapons as a stripper pole. Hideki Kamiya says that this is his ideal women and says some very sexist comments which you find more on www.gomakemeasandwich.wordpress.com*8. Overall this character is “2D”, she only really in the game for sex appeal.*8,9